The 2021 Transparency International publication For whose benefit? Transparency in the development and procurement of Covid-19 vaccines analyses transparency issues across the development and subsequent buying of vaccines. Their research focuses on two key aspects of the Covid-19 vaccine value chain: clinical trials and procurement. In both areas, their analysis revealed a disturbing and dangerous lack of transparency. The report also ends with policy recommendations for WHO, the COVAX facility, national governments, drug regulatory agencies, vaccine developers, research institutions, international non-government organisations, and all public buyers of vaccines.